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As part of the ULTRAFLEB project, comprehensive measurements of ultrafine particle (UFP) concentrations were conducted between 2020 and 2022 in the vicinity of Tegel Airport (TXL, measurements until 2021) and Berlin Brandenburg Airport (BER, measurements from 2021 onwards). Measurements were taken using both stationary and mobile methods (car, bicycle and ALADINA drone, which ascended to an altitude of up to 700 meters in close proximity to the BER Airport). The stationary measurements focused particularly on the number size distribution for all particles and for non-volatile particles. A significant airport influence on the measured concentrations was observed for particles smaller than 50 nanometres. Only about 20 to 30% of all airport particles were non-volatile, a very low proportion compared to typical background air conditions (over 60% in the 10-50 nanometre range at most times).
The other focus of ULTRAFLEB consisted in modelling, using a combination of the LOTOS-EUROS, LASAT, and LASPORT models. The result was a dataset containing annual and daily mean values of various modelled parameters (UFP, soot, mass concentrations of particulate matter, and NO2) for the years 2019-2023. This dataset was compiled for a grid with a resolution of 400 m across the entire Berlin area and 50 m in two selected areas around the TXL and BER airports. For 33 also hourly values were provided. These datasets served, among other things, as a basis for the epidemiological study BEAR (Berlin Brandenburg Air Study). The final report presents exemplary maps of the modelled annual mean values, including the spatial distribution of UFP concentrations and the relative contributions of air and road traffic.
The study was commissioned by the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA).
Final Report:
Impact of major airports on the temporal and spatial distribution of ultrafine dust smaller than 100 nm in the greater Berlin area (ULTRAFLEB). Published as UBA-Texte 35/2026. IVU Umwelt in cooperation with Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung (TROPOS), TNO, Utrecht, Ingenieurbüro Janicke, Überlingen, Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg GmbH, TU Braunschweig and TU Berlin. Contracting authority: German Federal Environment Agency (UBA). 2026.
Download (in German, with english summary)
